In space syntax terms, spatial configuration means the relations taking into account of other relations, or more precisely, a set of relationships among parts (say, urban streets), all of which interdepend in an overall structure of some kinds. This concept addresses the whole of a complex rather than its parts.
Configuration
Sources
Hillier, B., Hanson, J., and Graham, H. (1987), Ideas are in things: an application of the space syntax method to discovering house genotypes. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, v14, 363-385. pp. 363;
Hillier, B. (1996, 2007), Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture. Space Syntax: London, UK. p1, p23